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class="post-meta-date"><i class="far fa-calendar-alt fa-fw post-meta-icon"></i><span class="post-meta-label">发表于</span><time class="post-meta-date-created" datetime="2021-03-14T14:36:58.000Z" title="发表于 2021-03-14 22:36:58">2021-03-14</time><span class="post-meta-separator">|</span><i class="fas fa-history fa-fw post-meta-icon"></i><span class="post-meta-label">更新于</span><time class="post-meta-date-updated" datetime="2021-03-20T14:42:45.133Z" title="更新于 2021-03-20 22:42:45">2021-03-20</time></span><span class="post-meta-categories"><span class="post-meta-separator">|</span><i class="fas fa-inbox fa-fw post-meta-icon"></i><a class="post-meta-categories" href="/categories/%E5%89%8D%E7%AB%AF%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0/">前端学习</a></span></div><div class="meta-secondline"> <span class="post-meta-separator">|</span><span class="post-meta-wordcount"><i class="far fa-file-word fa-fw post-meta-icon"></i><span class="post-meta-label">字数总计:</span><span class="word-count">2k</span><span class="post-meta-separator">|</span><i class="far fa-clock fa-fw post-meta-icon"></i><span class="post-meta-label">阅读时长:</span><span>8分钟</span></span><span class="post-meta-separator">|</span><span class="post-meta-pv-cv"><i class="far fa-eye fa-fw post-meta-icon"></i><span class="post-meta-label">阅读量:</span><span id="busuanzi_value_page_pv"></span></span></div></div></div></header><main class="layout" id="content-inner"><div id="post"><article class="post-content" id="article-container"><h1 id="Node-js学习-二十-Node-js项目流程-："><a href="#Node-js学习-二十-Node-js项目流程-：" class="headerlink" title="Node.js学习(二十.Node.js项目流程)："></a>Node.js学习(二十.Node.js项目流程)：</h1><ul>
<li><h2 id="项目初始化："><a href="#项目初始化：" class="headerlink" title="项目初始化："></a>项目初始化：</h2><ol>
<li><p>新建项目文件夹News</p>
</li>
<li><p>初始化项目   <code>yarn init -y</code>  或者  <code>npm init -y</code>  </p>
</li>
<li><p>安装<code>express</code>，<code>yarn add express</code> 或者  <code>npm install express </code></p>
</li>
<li><p>其次在 News 目录中，创建一个名为 <code>app.js</code> 的文件:</p>
<figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> express = <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">&quot;express&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> app = express();</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">app.get(<span class="string">&quot;/&quot;</span>,<span class="function">(<span class="params">req, res</span>)=&gt;</span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    </span><br><span class="line">    res.send(<span class="string">&quot;hello News&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">app.listen(<span class="number">3000</span>, <span class="function">()=&gt;</span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="built_in">console</span>.log(<span class="string">&#x27;Example app listening on port 3000!&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
<li><p>浏览器中访问<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="http://localhost:3000/">http://localhost:3000/</a> ， 看到hello News，则项目初始化成功；</p>
</li>
</ol>
<hr>
</li>
<li><h2 id="静态资源和模板引擎的设置"><a href="#静态资源和模板引擎的设置" class="headerlink" title="静态资源和模板引擎的设置:"></a>静态资源和模板引擎的设置:</h2><ul>
<li><h4 id="设置静态资源"><a href="#设置静态资源" class="headerlink" title="设置静态资源:"></a>设置静态资源:</h4><ul>
<li><p>app.js中添加下面代码设置静态资源的访问路径：</p>
<figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">app.use(express.static(<span class="string">&quot;public&quot;</span>)); </span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
<li><p>设置模板引擎:</p>
</li>
<li><p>项目采用的是<code>art-templates</code>模板引擎，使用之前需要安装 <code>art-template</code>  和 <code>express-art-template </code></p>
<figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">yarn add art-template   或者   npm install art-template</span><br><span class="line">yarn add express-art-template  或者  npm install express-art-template</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
<li><p>把静态资源复制大项目目录下，调整到如下图：</p>
<p><img src= "/img/loading.gif" data-lazy-src="https://gitee.com/he_chaoming/blog_tuchuang/raw/master/20210314/w4N4JKJEQWrN.png"></p>
</li>
<li><p>我们模板引擎的目录为 <code>/views</code>:</p>
<figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> path = <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;path&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 1、修改模板引擎为html，导入express-art-template</span></span><br><span class="line">app.engine(<span class="string">&#x27;html&#x27;</span>, <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;express-art-template&#x27;</span>));</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 2、设置运行的模式为开发模式</span></span><br><span class="line">app.set(<span class="string">&#x27;view options&#x27;</span>, &#123;</span><br><span class="line">    debug: process.env.NODE_ENV !== <span class="string">&#x27;development&#x27;</span></span><br><span class="line">&#125;);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 3、设置模板存放目录为views文件夹</span></span><br><span class="line">app.set(<span class="string">&#x27;views&#x27;</span>, path.join(__dirname, <span class="string">&#x27;views&#x27;</span>));</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 4、设置引擎后缀为html</span></span><br><span class="line">app.set(<span class="string">&#x27;view engine&#x27;</span>, <span class="string">&#x27;html&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">app.get(<span class="string">&quot;/&quot;</span>,<span class="function">(<span class="params">req, res</span>)=&gt;</span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    res.render(<span class="string">&quot;news/index&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
<li><p>发布后发现，样式图片没有出来，引入路径不对，应该改成如下图：</p>
<p><img src= "/img/loading.gif" data-lazy-src="https://gitee.com/he_chaoming/blog_tuchuang/raw/master/20210314/EzslF8o4vbwV.png"></p>
</li>
<li><p>（快捷键提示<code>Ctrl+shift+L</code>： 选中某字符串后，批量选择本页面中出现的所有该字符串，之后就可以批量修改了）</p>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<hr>
</li>
<li><h2 id="项目中设置post请求方式的处理"><a href="#项目中设置post请求方式的处理" class="headerlink" title="项目中设置post请求方式的处理:"></a>项目中设置post请求方式的处理:</h2><ul>
<li><p>用过前面的学习我们知道，获取post请求体参数的时候使用<code>body-parser</code>模块；</p>
</li>
<li><p>添加以下设置代码：</p>
<figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 1、引入body-parser</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> bodyParser = <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;body-parser&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 2、bodyParser功能添加到项目app中</span></span><br><span class="line">app.use(bodyParser.urlencoded(&#123; <span class="attr">extended</span>: <span class="literal">false</span> &#125;));<span class="comment">// parse application/x-www-form-urlencoded   针对普通页面提交功能</span></span><br><span class="line">app.use(bodyParser.json());  <span class="comment">// parse application/json    针对异步提交ajax</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
<li><p>之后在路有接口中就可以<strong>通过req.body获取请求体</strong>参数了。</p>
</li>
</ul>
<hr>
</li>
<li><h2 id="添加cookie和session的配置"><a href="#添加cookie和session的配置" class="headerlink" title="添加cookie和session的配置:"></a>添加cookie和session的配置:</h2><ul>
<li><p>先安装<code>cookie-parser</code>和<code>cookie-session</code> ：</p>
<figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">yarn add cookie-parser</span><br><span class="line">yarn add cookie-session</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
<li><p>app.js中添加设置：</p>
<figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> cookieParser = <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">&quot;cookie-parser&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> cookieSession = <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">&quot;cookie-session&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">app.use(cookieParser()); <span class="comment">// session的注册</span></span><br><span class="line">app.use(</span><br><span class="line">      cookieSession(&#123;</span><br><span class="line">        name: <span class="string">&quot;my_session&quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">        keys: [<span class="string">&quot;%$#^&amp;^%&amp;TSFR#$TRGDRG$%GFDG%^$#%#^GFDGRDHG$#@^Y%&quot;</span>], <span class="comment">//随便输入</span></span><br><span class="line">        maxAge: <span class="number">1000</span> * <span class="number">60</span> * <span class="number">60</span> * <span class="number">24</span> * <span class="number">2</span>, <span class="comment">//过期时间设置为2天</span></span><br><span class="line">   &#125;),</span><br><span class="line">);</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

</li>
</ul>
<hr>
</li>
<li><h2 id="抽取app-js中的配置信息："><a href="#抽取app-js中的配置信息：" class="headerlink" title="抽取app.js中的配置信息："></a>抽取app.js中的配置信息：</h2><ul>
<li><p>目前，app.js已经越写越多了， 我们要把这个文件中的配置信息全部抽取出来作为一个独立的配置文件</p>
</li>
<li><p>项目目录下新建配置文件<code>config.js</code>:</p>
<figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> express = <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">&quot;express&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> path = <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">&quot;path&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> bodyParser = <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;body-parser&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> cookieParser = <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;cookie-parser&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> cookieSession = <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;cookie-session&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> appConfig = <span class="function"><span class="params">app</span> =&gt;</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">// 静态资源找寻的文件夹</span></span><br><span class="line">    app.use(express.static(<span class="string">&quot;public&quot;</span>)); </span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">// 模板引擎</span></span><br><span class="line">    app.engine(<span class="string">&#x27;html&#x27;</span>, <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;express-art-template&#x27;</span>));</span><br><span class="line">    app.set(<span class="string">&#x27;view options&#x27;</span>, &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        debug: process.env.NODE_ENV !== <span class="string">&#x27;development&#x27;</span></span><br><span class="line">    &#125;);</span><br><span class="line">    app.set(<span class="string">&#x27;views&#x27;</span>, path.join(__dirname, <span class="string">&#x27;views&#x27;</span>));</span><br><span class="line">    app.set(<span class="string">&#x27;view engine&#x27;</span>, <span class="string">&#x27;html&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">// 设置获取请求体</span></span><br><span class="line">    app.use(bodyParser.urlencoded(&#123; <span class="attr">extended</span>: <span class="literal">false</span> &#125;));</span><br><span class="line">    app.use(bodyParser.json()); </span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">// cookie的注册</span></span><br><span class="line">    app.use(cookieParser());  </span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">// session的注册</span></span><br><span class="line">    app.use(cookieSession(&#123;</span><br><span class="line">        name:<span class="string">&quot;my_session&quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">        keys:[<span class="string">&quot;%$#^&amp;^%&amp;TSFR#$TRGDRG$%GFDG%^$#%#^GFDGRDHG$#@^Y%&quot;</span>],</span><br><span class="line">        maxAge:<span class="number">1000</span>*<span class="number">60</span>*<span class="number">60</span>*<span class="number">24</span>*<span class="number">2</span>    <span class="comment">//过期时间设置为2天</span></span><br><span class="line">    &#125;));</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">module</span>.exports = appConfig;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
<li><p>app.js中：</p>
<figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 引入配置文件</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> config = <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">&quot;./config&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 创建应用程序对象</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> app = express();</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 执行配置信息</span></span><br><span class="line">config(app);</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
<li><p>站在更高的角度，用<strong>面向对象</strong>的方式去写：</p>
<figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="class"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title">AppConfig</span></span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">constructor</span>(app)&#123;</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="built_in">this</span>.app = app</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="built_in">this</span>.app.use(express.static(<span class="string">&quot;public&quot;</span>));</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="built_in">this</span>.app.engine(<span class="string">&#x27;html&#x27;</span>, <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;express-art-template&#x27;</span>));</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="built_in">this</span>.app.set(<span class="string">&#x27;view options&#x27;</span>, &#123;</span><br><span class="line">            debug: process.env.NODE_ENV !== <span class="string">&#x27;development&#x27;</span></span><br><span class="line">        &#125;);</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="built_in">this</span>.app.set(<span class="string">&#x27;views&#x27;</span>, path.join(__dirname, <span class="string">&#x27;views&#x27;</span>));</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="built_in">this</span>.app.set(<span class="string">&#x27;view engine&#x27;</span>, <span class="string">&#x27;html&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="built_in">this</span>.app.use(bodyParser.urlencoded(&#123; <span class="attr">extended</span>: <span class="literal">false</span> &#125;));</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="built_in">this</span>.app.use(bodyParser.json()); </span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="built_in">this</span>.app.use(cookieParser());</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="built_in">this</span>.app.use(cookieSession(&#123;</span><br><span class="line">            name:<span class="string">&quot;my_session&quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">            keys: [<span class="string">&quot;FGFDG#$%%YDFGSDHDRY$@#%$&amp;^%*^%%%$^RFDGFJGRSA&quot;</span>],</span><br><span class="line">            maxAge: <span class="number">1000</span> * <span class="number">60</span> *<span class="number">60</span> *<span class="number">24</span> * <span class="number">2</span></span><br><span class="line">        &#125;));    </span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//调用的时候：</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">let</span> config = <span class="keyword">new</span> Config(app)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

</li>
</ul>
<hr>
</li>
<li><h2 id="抽取app-js中的路由接口函数"><a href="#抽取app-js中的路由接口函数" class="headerlink" title="抽取app.js中的路由接口函数:"></a>抽取app.js中的路由接口函数:</h2><ul>
<li><p>项目文件夹下新建<code>routes</code>文件夹，新建<code>index.js</code>:</p>
<figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> express = <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;express&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> router = express.Router();</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">router.get(<span class="string">&#x27;/&#x27;</span>, <span class="function">(<span class="params">req, res</span>) =&gt;</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">//返回这个页面</span></span><br><span class="line">    res.render(<span class="string">&#x27;news/index&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">module</span>.exports = router</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
<li><p><code>config.js</code>中添加路由的设置:</p>
<figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> indexRouters = <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;./routes/index&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> appConfig = <span class="function"><span class="params">app</span> =&gt;</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">    </span><br><span class="line">    ...</span><br><span class="line">    </span><br><span class="line">     <span class="comment">// 路由的设置</span></span><br><span class="line">    app.use(indexRouters);  <span class="comment">//首页相关路由接口</span></span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

</li>
</ul>
<hr>
</li>
<li><h2 id="项目数据表分析-见分析图"><a href="#项目数据表分析-见分析图" class="headerlink" title="项目数据表分析(见分析图):"></a>项目数据表分析(见分析图):</h2><p><img src= "/img/loading.gif" data-lazy-src="https://gitee.com/he_chaoming/blog_tuchuang/raw/master/20210314/qtJSht*gyBTb.png" alt="项目数据表分析图"></p>
<hr>
</li>
<li><h2 id="添加数据库配置："><a href="#添加数据库配置：" class="headerlink" title="添加数据库配置："></a>添加数据库配置：</h2><ul>
<li><h4 id="先创建数据库，并导入数据："><a href="#先创建数据库，并导入数据：" class="headerlink" title="先创建数据库，并导入数据："></a>先创建数据库，并导入数据：</h4><ul>
<li><p>把数据库导入数据有<strong>两种方式</strong>：</p>
<ol>
<li><p>方式一：使用<strong>带界面的Navicat</strong></p>
<p><img src= "/img/loading.gif" data-lazy-src="https://gitee.com/he_chaoming/blog_tuchuang/raw/master/20210314/yejwhhJwBGS2.png" alt="使用Navicat"></p>
<p><img src= "/img/loading.gif" data-lazy-src="https://gitee.com/he_chaoming/blog_tuchuang/raw/master/20210314/oJe!7A44TQiA.png" alt="导入数据库文件"></p>
<ul>
<li><strong>稍等5到10分钟，等待数据导入成功</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><p>方式二：也可以直接在<strong>cmd窗口</strong>中通过连接数据库创建数据库后导入数据：</p>
<ul>
<li><p>先创建数据库：</p>
<figure class="highlight cmd"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">mysql -uroot -p</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">create database news charset=utf8;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">use news;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">source  G:\news.sql;   </span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
<li><p><strong>（注意：该目录不能出现中文！！！）</strong></p>
</li>
<li><p><strong>同样稍等5到10分钟，等待数据导入成功</strong></p>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<hr>
</li>
<li><h2 id="项目中测试数据库"><a href="#项目中测试数据库" class="headerlink" title="项目中测试数据库:"></a>项目中测试数据库:</h2><ul>
<li><h4 id="先安装mysql："><a href="#先安装mysql：" class="headerlink" title="先安装mysql："></a>先安装mysql：</h4><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">yarn add mysql 或者npm install mysql</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
<li><p>用之前封装过的db文件夹放置到项目目录下，测试数据库的使用，查询新闻分类表并相应回页面:</p>
<figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> handleDb = <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">&quot;../../db/handleDb&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">router.get(<span class="string">&quot;/&quot;</span>,<span class="function">(<span class="params">req, res</span>)=&gt;</span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    (<span class="keyword">async</span> <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span> <span class="title">index</span>(<span class="params"></span>)</span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">let</span> result = <span class="keyword">await</span> handleDb(res,<span class="string">&quot;info_category&quot;</span>, <span class="string">&quot;find&quot;</span>, <span class="string">&quot;info_category数据库查询出错&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">        res.send(result);</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;)();</span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

</li>
</ul>
<hr>
</li>
<li><h2 id="初步获取图片验证码"><a href="#初步获取图片验证码" class="headerlink" title="初步获取图片验证码:"></a>初步获取图片验证码:</h2><ul>
<li><h4 id="先安装验证码获取的模块-，在项目目录下："><a href="#先安装验证码获取的模块-，在项目目录下：" class="headerlink" title="先安装验证码获取的模块 ，在项目目录下："></a>先安装验证码获取的模块 ，在项目目录下：</h4><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">yarn add svg-captcha</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
<li><p>使用说明：</p>
<figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">let</span> captchaObj = <span class="keyword">new</span> Captcha(); <span class="comment">// 创建对象</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">let</span> captcha = captchaObj.getCode(); <span class="comment">// 调用获取验证码的方法</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">captcha.text  <span class="comment">//就是验证码文本</span></span><br><span class="line">captcha.data  <span class="comment">//就是验证码图片内容</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//注意：返回给浏览器的时候，需要设置响应头</span></span><br><span class="line">res.setHeader(<span class="string">&#x27;Content-Type&#x27;</span>, <span class="string">&#x27;image/svg+xml&#x27;</span>);</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
<li><h4 id="具体实现"><a href="#具体实现" class="headerlink" title="具体实现:"></a>具体实现:</h4><ul>
<li><p>项目目录下，新建<code>utils</code>文件夹，复制captcha文件夹到utils下。</p>
</li>
<li><p>routes下新建验证模块 <code>passport.js</code>：</p>
<figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> express = <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;express&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> Captcha = <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;../utils/captcha&#x27;</span>);  <span class="comment">// 引入captcha工具</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> router = express.Router();</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">router.get(<span class="string">&#x27;/password/image_code&#x27;</span>, <span class="function">(<span class="params">req, res</span>) =&gt;</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">let</span> captchaObj = <span class="keyword">new</span> Captcha();  <span class="comment">// 创建对象</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">let</span> captcha = captchaObj.getCode();  <span class="comment">// 调用获取验证码的方法</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="built_in">console</span>.log(<span class="string">&quot;获取验证码的接口&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="built_in">console</span>.log(captcha.text);   <span class="comment">// 验证码文本</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">//配合img标签的src属性请求来展示验证码图片的时候，需要设置响应头</span></span><br><span class="line">    res.setHeader(<span class="string">&#x27;Content-Type&#x27;</span>, <span class="string">&#x27;image/svg+xml&#x27;</span>);  </span><br><span class="line">    res.send(captcha.data);   <span class="comment">// 响应验证码图片到浏览器</span></span><br><span class="line">&#125;);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">module</span>.exports = router</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
<li><p><code>config.js</code>中注册，把<code>passwordRouters</code>注册到app上:</p>
<figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> passwordRouters = <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;./routes/password&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> appConfig = <span class="function"><span class="params">app</span> =&gt;</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">    </span><br><span class="line">    ...</span><br><span class="line">    </span><br><span class="line">     <span class="comment">// 路由的设置</span></span><br><span class="line">    app.use(indexRouters);  <span class="comment">//首页相关路由接口</span></span><br><span class="line">    app.use(passwordRouters);  <span class="comment">//验证相关路由接口(登录、注册、获取验证码等)</span></span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
<li><p>在浏览器中请求：<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="http://localhost:3000/password/image_code">http://localhost:3000/password/image_code</a> </p>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<hr>
</li>
<li><h2 id="完整验证码获取流程"><a href="#完整验证码获取流程" class="headerlink" title="完整验证码获取流程:"></a>完整验证码获取流程:</h2><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">/*</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">    1、生成验证码</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">    2、将验证码文本存入session   （后面点击注册按钮的时候，注册接口中需要重新获取这个验证码文本和用户输入的验证码进行对比）</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">    3、发送验证码数据</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">*/</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 1、生成验证码</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">let</span> captchaObj = <span class="keyword">new</span> Captcha();  <span class="comment">// 创建对象</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">let</span> captcha = captchaObj.getCode();  <span class="comment">// 调用获取验证码的方法</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 2、将验证码文本存入session   </span></span><br><span class="line">req.session[<span class="string">&quot;IMG_CODE&quot;</span>] = captcha.text;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">console</span>.log(req.session)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 3、发送验证码数据</span></span><br><span class="line">res.setHeader(<span class="string">&#x27;Content-Type&#x27;</span>, <span class="string">&#x27;image/svg+xml&#x27;</span>);  <span class="comment">//设置响应头</span></span><br><span class="line">res.send(captcha.data);   <span class="comment">// 响应验证码图片到浏览器</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<hr>
</li>
<li><h2 id="解决点击获取验证码图片问题"><a href="#解决点击获取验证码图片问题" class="headerlink" title="解决点击获取验证码图片问题:"></a>解决点击获取验证码图片问题:</h2><ul>
<li><p><code>/public/news/js/main.js</code>中，加上一个随机数：</p>
<figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 1.设置图片url地址</span></span><br><span class="line">image_url = <span class="string">&#x27;/passport/image_code/&#x27;</span>+<span class="built_in">Math</span>.random()</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
<li><p><code>passport.js</code>接口中：</p>
<figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">router.get(<span class="string">&quot;/passport/image_code/:float&quot;</span>,  ...</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<hr>
</article><div class="post-copyright"><div class="post-copyright__author"><span class="post-copyright-meta">文章作者: </span><span class="post-copyright-info"><a href="mailto:undefined">六根清静</a></span></div><div class="post-copyright__type"><span class="post-copyright-meta">文章链接: </span><span class="post-copyright-info"><a href="https://liugenqingjing2.coding.me/2021/03/14/Node-js%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0-%E4%BA%8C%E5%8D%81-Node-js%E9%A1%B9%E7%9B%AE%E6%B5%81%E7%A8%8B(%E4%B8%8A)/">https://liugenqingjing2.coding.me/2021/03/14/Node-js学习-二十-Node-js项目流程(上)/</a></span></div><div class="post-copyright__notice"><span class="post-copyright-meta">版权声明: </span><span class="post-copyright-info">本博客所有文章除特别声明外，均采用 <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/" target="_blank">CC BY-NC-SA 4.0</a> 许可协议。转载请注明来自 <a href="https://liugenqingjing2.coding.me" target="_blank">小何blog (记录美好)</a>！</span></div></div><div class="tag_share"><div class="post-meta__tag-list"><a class="post-meta__tags" 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:title="news.title"><img class="loaded" onerror="this.onerror=null;this.src='/img/404.jpg'" data-ll-status="loaded" :src="news.imgList[0]"/></a><div class="content"><a class="title" href="javascript:void(0)" @click="getnewsdata(index)" :title="news.title">{{news.title}}</a><time>{{news.postTime}}</time></div></div></div></div><div id="newsmodal"><button class="modalclose" @click="hidemodle()">关闭</button><h2>{{newpostvue.title}} </h2><h4>{{newpostvue.ptime}} &nbsp;&nbsp; {{newpostvue.source}}</h4><div v-html="newpostvue.content"></div></div></div></div><div class="card-widget card-shuo"><div class="card-content" style="height:auto;min-height:280px;"><div class="item-headline"><i class="fas fa-comments"></i><span>&#x8BF4;&#x8BF4</span><a id="shuovisualchange" style="cursor:pointer;float:right" onclick="shuovisualchange()">编辑</a></div><div id="artitalk_main" style="width:100%;height:100%;padding:10px"></div></div></div><div class="sticky_layout"></div><div class="card-widget card-history"><div class="card-content"><div class="item-headline"><i class="fas fa-paw fa-spin"></i><span>那年今日</span></div><div id="history-news" style="height: 100px;overflow: hidden;"><div id="history-card"></div></div></div></div><div class="card-widget card-announcement"><div class="card-content"><div class="item-headline"><i class="fas fa-bullhorn card-announcement-animation"></i><span>公告</span></div><div class="announcement_content">大学生一枚，软件工程，想做全栈攻城狮，哈哈，有兴趣可以加 QQ:484695754 (也可以点上面的logo)，一起交流学习</div></div></div><div class="sticky_layout"><div class="card-widget" id="card-toc"><div class="card-content"><div class="item-headline"><i class="fas fa-stream"></i><span>目录</span></div><div class="toc-content"><ol class="toc"><li class="toc-item toc-level-1"><a class="toc-link" href="#Node-js%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0-%E4%BA%8C%E5%8D%81-Node-js%E9%A1%B9%E7%9B%AE%E6%B5%81%E7%A8%8B-%EF%BC%9A"><span class="toc-number">1.</span> <span class="toc-text">Node.js学习(二十.Node.js项目流程)：</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E9%A1%B9%E7%9B%AE%E5%88%9D%E5%A7%8B%E5%8C%96%EF%BC%9A"><span class="toc-number">1.1.</span> <span class="toc-text">项目初始化：</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E9%9D%99%E6%80%81%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90%E5%92%8C%E6%A8%A1%E6%9D%BF%E5%BC%95%E6%93%8E%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%BE%E7%BD%AE"><span class="toc-number">1.2.</span> <span class="toc-text">静态资源和模板引擎的设置:</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-4"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E8%AE%BE%E7%BD%AE%E9%9D%99%E6%80%81%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90"><span class="toc-number">1.2.0.1.</span> <span class="toc-text">设置静态资源:</span></a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E9%A1%B9%E7%9B%AE%E4%B8%AD%E8%AE%BE%E7%BD%AEpost%E8%AF%B7%E6%B1%82%E6%96%B9%E5%BC%8F%E7%9A%84%E5%A4%84%E7%90%86"><span class="toc-number">1.3.</span> <span class="toc-text">项目中设置post请求方式的处理:</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E6%B7%BB%E5%8A%A0cookie%E5%92%8Csession%E7%9A%84%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AE"><span class="toc-number">1.4.</span> <span class="toc-text">添加cookie和session的配置:</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E6%8A%BD%E5%8F%96app-js%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AE%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%EF%BC%9A"><span class="toc-number">1.5.</span> <span class="toc-text">抽取app.js中的配置信息：</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E6%8A%BD%E5%8F%96app-js%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E8%B7%AF%E7%94%B1%E6%8E%A5%E5%8F%A3%E5%87%BD%E6%95%B0"><span class="toc-number">1.6.</span> <span class="toc-text">抽取app.js中的路由接口函数:</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E9%A1%B9%E7%9B%AE%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E8%A1%A8%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90-%E8%A7%81%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90%E5%9B%BE"><span class="toc-number">1.7.</span> <span class="toc-text">项目数据表分析(见分析图):</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E6%B7%BB%E5%8A%A0%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E5%BA%93%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AE%EF%BC%9A"><span class="toc-number">1.8.</span> <span class="toc-text">添加数据库配置：</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-4"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E5%85%88%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E5%BA%93%EF%BC%8C%E5%B9%B6%E5%AF%BC%E5%85%A5%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%EF%BC%9A"><span class="toc-number">1.8.0.1.</span> <span class="toc-text">先创建数据库，并导入数据：</span></a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E9%A1%B9%E7%9B%AE%E4%B8%AD%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E5%BA%93"><span class="toc-number">1.9.</span> <span class="toc-text">项目中测试数据库:</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-4"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E5%85%88%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85mysql%EF%BC%9A"><span class="toc-number">1.9.0.1.</span> <span class="toc-text">先安装mysql：</span></a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E5%88%9D%E6%AD%A5%E8%8E%B7%E5%8F%96%E5%9B%BE%E7%89%87%E9%AA%8C%E8%AF%81%E7%A0%81"><span class="toc-number">1.10.</span> <span class="toc-text">初步获取图片验证码:</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-4"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E5%85%88%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85%E9%AA%8C%E8%AF%81%E7%A0%81%E8%8E%B7%E5%8F%96%E7%9A%84%E6%A8%A1%E5%9D%97-%EF%BC%8C%E5%9C%A8%E9%A1%B9%E7%9B%AE%E7%9B%AE%E5%BD%95%E4%B8%8B%EF%BC%9A"><span class="toc-number">1.10.0.1.</span> <span class="toc-text">先安装验证码获取的模块 ，在项目目录下：</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-4"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E5%85%B7%E4%BD%93%E5%AE%9E%E7%8E%B0"><span class="toc-number">1.10.0.2.</span> <span class="toc-text">具体实现:</span></a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E5%AE%8C%E6%95%B4%E9%AA%8C%E8%AF%81%E7%A0%81%E8%8E%B7%E5%8F%96%E6%B5%81%E7%A8%8B"><span class="toc-number">1.11.</span> <span class="toc-text">完整验证码获取流程:</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E8%A7%A3%E5%86%B3%E7%82%B9%E5%87%BB%E8%8E%B7%E5%8F%96%E9%AA%8C%E8%AF%81%E7%A0%81%E5%9B%BE%E7%89%87%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98"><span class="toc-number">1.12.</span> <span class="toc-text">解决点击获取验证码图片问题:</span></a></li></ol></li></ol></div></div></div><div class="card-widget card-recent-post"><div class="card-content"><div class="item-headline"><i class="fas fa-history"></i><span>最新文章</span></div><div class="aside-list"><div class="aside-list-item"><a class="thumbnail" href="/2021/03/21/Node-js%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0-%E4%BA%8C%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%89-%E8%B7%A8%E5%9F%9F%E4%BB%8B%E7%BB%8D%E5%92%8CJSONP%E4%BB%8B%E7%BB%8D/" title="Node.js学习(二十三.跨域介绍和JSONP介绍)"><img data-lazy-src="https://gitee.com/he_chaoming/blog_tuchuang/raw/master/20210321/qWPEashJOuNK.jpg" onerror="this.onerror=null;this.src='/img/404.jpg'" alt="Node.js学习(二十三.跨域介绍和JSONP介绍)"/></a><div class="content"><a class="title" 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